Ventricular assist devices are external devices attached to a patient’s body, which helps to pump blood to whole body. It is principally used in case of patients with heart failure. It is a high-end device that mimics the function of the heart. Heart failure is a condition in which heart muscles weaken, and thus unable to pump sufficient amount of blood to body. Various conditions such as heart attacks, high blood pressure, defective heart valves, irregular heart rhythms, diabetes, and chronic kidney and lung diseases cause heart failure. Medication, implantable heart devices (pacemakers), and heart transplantation are some of the options for treatment of heart failure. However, these approaches have limitations that may lead to advanced heart failure condition, thereby increasing the demand for ventricular assist devices (VADs). VADs lowers the work load on failing heart and help in maintaining smooth blood flow to vital organs.
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These devices were originally designed to temporarily assist surgeons while performing transplant surgeries or while treating other medical problems. However, VADs eventually emerged as a pioneer life support for patients suffering from the final stage of heart failure. VADs consist of three parts namely, inflow pipe that receives blood from ventricles, pump that pulls blood from ventricles and pushes it into outflow pipe that carries blood to aorta to supply blood to body
Market Dynamics
Growth of ventricular assist devices market is driven by increasing prevalence of heart failure. According to study the Global Burden of Disease published by the Lancet in 2017, globally over 26 million people were affected by heart failure. Moreover, rising prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, which causes heart failure, is increasing the demand for ventricular assist devices. According to World Health Organization factsheet in 2016, 17.7 million people die from cardiovascular disease each year, and over 46% of these deaths are due to ischemic heart disease that includes heart failure. Other disease such as diabetes is triggering to development of heart failure, which in turn, is propelling growth of the ventricular assist devices market. As per statistics provided by the International Diabetes Federation’s (IDF) Diabetes Atlas 2017, around 425 million patients were suffering from diabetes worldwide in 2017. According to statistics given by the American Heart Association in 2018, 68% of people suffering from diabetes aged 65 years and above are likely to die from heart disease. Sedentary lifestyle, lack of exercise, unhealthy food habits, and alcoholism are major cause to develop the heart disease. Growing shortage of heart donors for transplantation is also expected to boost growth of the ventricular assist devices market.
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According to report published by the Global Observatory on Donations and Transplantation in 2015, only around 0.01-0.49 per million heart transplantation procedures are performed each year in emerging countries due to shortage of donors. Continuous improvement in design, efficiency, and reliability is also propelling growth of the ventricular assist devices market. For instance, in April 2018, Abiomed Inc. was granted with U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pre-Market Approval (PMA) for its Impella CP heart pump with smart assist technology, which utilizes an optical sensor. It is an advanced device that would improve productivity, ease in use, and better patient management.